整数是一组正整数、0 和负整数。
- 正整数 . +N > 0 = {+1,+2,+3,+4,+5,+6,+7,+8,+9}
- 负整数 . -N < 0 = {-1,-2,-3,-4,-5,-6,-7,-8,-9}
- 零 . N = 0
- a + b = b + a
- a + b + c = (a + b) + c = a + (b + c)
- a + 0 = a
- a + a = 2a
- a + (-a) = 0
- a - 0 = a
- a - a = 0
- a - (-a) = 2a
- a x 0 = 0
- a x a = a2
- a x (-a) = -a2
- a / 0 = ∞
- a / a = 1
- a / (-a) = -1
- a + a + a + .... = na
- na + ma = an[1 + a^(m-n)]
- na - ma = an[1 - a^(m-n)]
- na x ma = (nm) a
- na / ma = (n/m) a
- a x a x a x .... = an
如果存在 那么
如果存在 那么 Loga b = c
- 那么 Log 10a = c
- 那么 Lna = c