孟加拉语/语法

下面给出了一些孟加拉语的基本句型。主语 + “be” 动词 + 名词/形容词

表达“to be” 动词有不同的方式。在现在时中，用于处理性格和特征的“to be” 动词大多省略（例如，形式 আছি, হই, হও, হয় 等）。

   I am. - আমি - Ami.
   You (sg.) are. - তুমি - Tumi
   He/she is. - সে - Shay
   We are. - আমরা - Amra
   You (pl.) are. - তোমরা - Tomra
   They are. - তারা - Tara
   John is. - জন - John

   I am well. - আমি ভাল (আছি)। - Ami bhalo (achi).
   He is tall. - সে লম্বা। - Shay lomba.
   She is beautiful. - সে সুন্দরী। - Shay sundori.
   You are intelligent. - তুমি বুদ্ধিমান। - Tumi buddhiman.
   We are humans. - আমরা মানুষ। - Amra Manush.

在其他时态中，可以使用“hooya” 这个动词，它表示“to become”。

表达“to be” 动词的另一种方式是使用“ach-” 的动词词干，它字面意思是“to be present”。

   Ami ekhane achi. - I am here.
   Tumi ekhane acho. - You (sg/informal) are here.
   Se ekhane ache. - He/she (far/informal) is here.
   Amra ekhane achi. - We are here. (I/we have the same conjugated verb)
   Tomra ekhane acho. - You (pl/informal) are here.
   Tini ekhane achen. - They are here.

现在时

一般现在时表达诸如“我睡觉”，“我们吃饭”，“你工作”之类的想法。

在孟加拉语中，一般现在时通过添加动词词根和一个结尾来进行变位。结尾取决于说话人的身份（即，我/你/我们/他们等等）。

例如，孟加拉语中“to eat” 这个动词是“khete”，它的词根是“kha”。

   Ami (I): Kha-i
   Tumi (You sg/informal): Kha-o
   O(he/she): Kha-e
   Amra (We): Kha-i
   Tumra (You pl/informal): Kha-o
   Ora (Them / informal): Kha-e
   Apna (You formal): Kha-n

一般来说，动词结尾如下

   Ami (I): root + "i"
   Tumi (You sg/informal): root + "o"
   O(he/she): root + "e"
   Amra (We): root + "i"
   Tumra (You pl/informal): root + "o"
   Ora (Them / Informal): root + "e"
   Apna (You formal): root + "en"

示例

   I eat: Ami Khai
   You eat: Tumi Khao
   He eats fish: O Mach khae

   We eat quickly: Amra taratari khai

现在分词

现在分词代表目前正在进行的动作。在英语中，你会说“我正在吃饭”，“他正在睡觉”，“我们正在工作”。

在孟加拉语中，你可以通过取动词词根并添加一个结尾来变位现在分词，这个结尾取决于主语的说话人的身份（即，我/我们/我们/他们）。

例如，孟加拉语中“to eat” 这个动词是“khete”，它的词根是“kha”。

   Ami (I): Kha-chi
   Tumi (You sg/informal): Kha-cho
   O(he/she): Kha-che
   Amra (We): Kha-chi
   Tumra (You pl/informal): Kha-cho
   Ora (Them / informal): Kha-che
   Apna (You formal): Kha-chen

一般来说，动词结尾如下

   Ami (I): root + "chi"
   Tumi (You sg/informal): root + "cho"
   O(he/she): root + "che"
   Amra (We): root + "chi"
   Tumra (You pl/informal): root + "cho"
   Ora (Them / Informal): root + "che"
   Apna (You formal): root + "chen"

示例

   I am eating: Ami Khachi
   You (inf) are eating: Tumi Khacho
   He is sleeping: O Gumache
   We are sleeping: Amra Gumachi
   You (formal) are sleeping: Apni Gumachen