Unix/BSD/OpenBSD/OpenBSD 安装指南
OpenBSD 的安装过程很简单（虽然不是图形化的）。
erase ^?, werase ^W, kill ^U, intr ^C, status ^T
(I)nstall, (U)pgrade or (S)hell? i
Welcome to the OpenBSD/i386 4.4 install program.
This program will help you install OpenBSD. At any prompt except password
prompts you can escape to a shell by typing '!'. Default answers are shown
in []'s and are selected by pressing RETURN. At any time you can exit this
program by pressing Control-C, but exiting during an install can leave your
system in an inconsistent state.
Terminal type: [vt220] <enter>
kbd(8) mapping? ('L' for list) [none] <enter>
IS YOUR DATA BACKED UP? As with anything that modifies disk contents, this
program can cause SIGNIFICANT data loss.
It is often helpful to have the installation notes handy. For complex disk
configurations, relevant disk hardware manuals and a calculator are useful.
Proceed with install? [no] yes
Cool! Let's get to it.
You will now initialize the disk(s) that OpenBSD will use. To enable all
available security features you should configure the disk(s) to allow the
creation of separate filesystems for /, /tmp, /var, /usr, and /home.
Available disks are: wd0.
Which one is the root disk? (or done) [wd0] <enter>
Do you want to use *all* of wd0 for OpenBSD? [no] yes
Putting all of wd0 into an active OpenBSD MBR partion (type 'A6')...done.
You will now create an OpenBSD disklabel inside the OpenBSD MBR
partition. The disklabel defines how OpenBSD splits up the MBR partition
into OpenBSD partitions in which filesystems and swap space are created.
The offsets used in the disklabel are ABSOLUTE, i.e. relative to the
start of the disk, NOT the start of the OpenBSD MBR partition.
# Inside MBR partition 3: type A6 start 63 size 80292807
Treating sectors 63-80292870 as the OpenBSD portion of the disk.
You can use the 'b' command to change this.
Initial label editor (enter '?' for help at any prompt) > p g device: /dev/rwd0c type: ESDI disk: ESDI/IDE disk label: Maxtor 2F040L0 bytes/sector: 512 sectors/track: 63 tracks/cylinder: 16 sectors/cylinder: 1008 cylinders: 16383 total bytes: 38.3G free bytes: 0.2G rpm: 3600 16 partitions: # size offset fstype [fsize bsize cpg] a: 5.0G 0.0G 4.2BSD 2048 16384 328 b: 0.2G 5.0G swap c: 38.3G 0.0G unused 0 0 d: 5.0G 5.2G 4.2BSD 2048 16384 328 > d * > a a offset: [63] <enter> size: [80292807] 10g[note 1] Rounding to nearest cylinder: 20971377 FS type: [4.2BSD] <enter> mount point: [none] / > a b offset: [20971440] <enter> size: [59321430] 1.1g[note 2] Rounding to nearest cylinder: 2307312 FS type: [swap] <enter> > a d offset: [23278752] <enter> size: [57014118] 2g[note 3] Rounding to nearest cylinder: 4194288 FS type: [4.2BSD] <enter> mount point: [none] /tmp > a e offset: [27473040] <enter> size: [52819830] 6g[note 4] Rounding to nearest cylinder: 12582864 FS type: [4.2BSD] <enter> mount point: [none] /var > a g offset: [40055904] <enter> size: [40236966] 10g[note 5] Rounding to nearest cylinder: 20971440 FS type: [4.2BSD] <enter> mount point: [none] /usr > a h offset: [61027344] <enter> size: [19265526] <enter>[note 6] Rounding to nearest cylinder: 18874800 FS type: [4.2BSD] <enter> mount point: [none] /home > w > q No label changes. Mount point for wd0d (size=2097144k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/tmp] <enter> Mount point for wd0e (size=6291432k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/var] <enter> Mount point for wd0g (size=10485720k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/usr] <enter> Mount point for wd0h (size=9437400k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/home] <enter> Mount point for wd0d (size=2097144k)? (or 'none' or 'done') [/tmp] done No more disks to initialize. OpenBSD filesystems: wd0a / wd0d /tmp wd0e /var wd0g /usr wd0h /home The next step *DESTROYS* all existing data on these partitions! Are you really sure that you're ready to proceed? [no] yes /dev/rwd0a: 20971376 sectors in 20805 cylinders of 16 tracks, 63 sectors 10239.9MB in 64 cyl groups (328 c/g, 161.44MB/g, 20608 i/g) /dev/rwd0d: 4194288 sectors in 4161 cylinders of 16 tracks, 63 sectors 2048.0MB in 13 cyl groups (328 c/g, 161.44MB/g, 20608 i/g) /dev/rwd0e: 12582864 sectors in 12483 cylinders of 16 tracks, 63 sectors 6144.0MB in 39 cyl groups (328 c/g, 161.44MB/g, 20608 i/g) /dev/rwd0g: 20971440 sectors in 20805 cylinders of 16 tracks, 63 sectors 10240.0MB in 64 cyl groups (328 c/g, 161.44MB/g, 20608 i/g) /dev/rwd0h: 18874800 sectors in 18725 cylinders of 16 tracks, 63 sectors 9216.2MB in 58 cyl groups (328 c/g, 161.44MB/g, 20608 i/g) /dev/wd0a on /mnt type ffs(rw, asynchronous, local, ctime=Wed Nov 1 01:47:50 2006) /dev/wd0h on /mnt/home type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid, ctime=Wed Nov 1 01:47:50 2006) /dev/wd0d on /mnt/tmp type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid, ctime=Wed Nov 1 01:47:50 2006) /dev/wd0g on /mnt/usr type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, ctime=Wed Nov 1 01:47:50 2006) /dev/wd0e on /mnt/var type ffs (rw, asynchronous, local, nodev, nosuid, ctime=Wed Nov 1 01:47:50 2006)
System hostname (short form, e.g. 'foo'): home
Configure the network? [yes] <enter>
Available interfaces are: fxp0.
Which one do you wish to initialize? (or 'done') [fxp0] <enter>
Symbolic (host) name for fxp0? [home] <enter>
The media options for fxp0 are currently
media: Ethernet autoselect (100baseTX full-duplex)
Do you want to change the media options? [no] <enter>
IPv4 address for fxp0? (or 'none' or 'dhcp') 192.168.1.7[note 7]
Netmask? [255.255.255.0] <enter>
IPv6 address for fxp0? (or 'rtsol' or 'none') [none] <enter>
No more interfaces to initialize.
DNS domain name? (e.g. 'bar.com') [my.domain] openbsd101
DNS nameserver? (IP address or 'none') [none] <enter your nameserver IP address>[note 8]
Use the nameserver now? [yes] <enter>
Default IPv4 route? (IP address, 'dhcp' or 'none') 192.168.1.1
add net default: gateway 192.168.1.1
Edit hosts with ed? [no] <enter>
Do you want to do any manual network configuration? [no] <enter>
Password for root account? (will not echo) <your password> Password for root account? (again) <your password>
Let's install the sets!
Location of sets? (cd disk ftp http or 'done') [cd] cdrom
Select sets by entering a set name, a file name pattern or 'all'. De-select
sets by prepending a '-' to the set name, file name pattern or 'all'. Selected
sets are labelled '[X]'.
[X] bsd
[X] bsd.rd
[ ] bsd.mp
[X] base44.tgz
[X] etc44.tgz
[X] misc44.tgz
[X] comp44.tgz
[X] man44.tgz
[X] game44.tgz
[ ] xbase44.tgz
[ ] xetc44.tgz
[ ] xshare44.tgz
[ ] xfont44.tgz
[ ] xserv44.tgz
Set name? (or 'done') [bsd.mp] all
[X] bsd
[X] bsd.rd
[X] bsd.mp
[X] base44.tgz
[X] etc44.tgz
[X] misc44.tgz
[X] comp44.tgz
[X] man44.tgz
[X] game44.tgz
[X] xbase44.tgz
[X] xetc44.tgz
[X] xshare44.tgz
[X] xfont44.tgz
[X] xserv44.tgz
Set name? (or 'done') [done] <enter>
Ready to install sets? [yes] <enter>
Getting bsd ...
100% |**************************************************| 5972 KB 00:26
Getting bsd.rd ...
100% |**************************************************| 4887 KB 00:25
Getting bsd.mp ...
100% |**************************************************| 6020 KB 00:23
Getting base44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 41437 KB 02:39
Getting etc44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 1210 KB 00:08
Getting misc44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 2238 KB 00:14
Getting comp44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 76666 KB 01:36
Getting man44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 7473 KB 00:30
Getting game44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 2548 KB 00:12
Getting xbase44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 10344 KB 00:51
Getting xetc44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 90772 KB 00:03
Getting xshare44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 2024 KB 00:10
Getting xfont44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 32456 KB 02:41
Getting xserv44.tgz ...
100% |**************************************************| 19365 KB 01:26
Location of sets? (cd disk ftp http or 'done') [done] <enter>
Start sshd(8) by default? [yes] <enter>
NTP server? (or 'none' or 'default') [none] default
Do you expect to run the X Window System? [no] yes
Change the default console to com0? [no] <enter>
Saving configuration files...done.
Generating initial host.random file...done.
What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [Canada/Mountain] <your time zone>/<your subtime zone>
Setting local timezone to '<your time zone>/<your subtime zone>'...done.
Making all device nodes...done.
Installing boot block...
boot: /mnt/boot
proto: /usr/mdec/biosboot
device: /dev/rwd0c
/usr/mdec/biosboot: entry point 0
proto bootblock size 512
/mnt/boot is 3 blocks x 16384 bytes
fs block shift 2; part offset 63; inode block 24, offset 1704
using MBR partition 3: type 166 (0xa6) offset 63 (0x3f)
done.
CONGRATULATIONS! Your OpenBSD install has been successfully completed! To boot the new system, enter halt at the command prompt. Once the system has halted, reset the machine and boot from the disk. # reboot syncing disks... done The operating system has halted. Please press any key to reboot.
- 本文作者：OpenBSD 101
- CFeyecare- 创建页面。
- ↑ 这控制了根分区中的内存大小。我不建议使用示例中的 10g。5g 就足够了。
- ↑ 这控制了交换分区中的内存大小。标准是您 RAM 的两倍。
- ↑ 这控制了 tmp 分区中的内存大小。
- ↑ 这控制了 var 分区中的内存大小。
- ↑ 这控制了 usr 分区中的内存大小。usr 分区用于存储所有程序。根据您想要安装的应用程序数量来调整大小。10g 适用于工作站。3g 足够服务器使用。
- ↑ 这控制了 home 分区中的内存大小。
- ↑ 如果您想将 OpenBSD 用作桌面或工作站，您可能需要使用 dhcp。
- ↑ 通常您将使用您的路由器作为 DNS 服务器（192.168.1.1）。
- "OpenBSD 101." OpenBSD101. 9 Nov. 2008 <http://www.openbsd101.com/installation.html>.