无机化学导论/学生和教师资源
< 无机化学导论
Powerpoint幻灯片与本书各章节相配套，将根据要求提供给讲师（[email protected]）
其他资源
IONIC VIPEr是一个网络界面，它促进了学习材料的协作开发和在更广泛的无机化学社区中的传播。这个网站，VIPEr（虚拟无机教学电子资源），既是一个资源库，也是一个用户友好的社交网络工具平台，这些工具促进了虚拟协作和社区建设。VIPEr社区致力于开发和传播无机化学教学的最佳实践。
视频实验手册提供了广泛的无机纳米科学和材料化学实验室实验视频。对于希望为无机化学课程开发实验室实验的教师来说，这是一种特别有用的资源。
利物浦大学网站展示了原子轨道的动画、选定的分子轨道图以及选定分子的VSEPR形状。
利物浦大学网站还提供了一个无机结构（分子和扩展固体）菜单，这些结构可以在3D中可视化和操作。这是一个有价值的工具，它补充了本书第5-8章对结构的描述。
- 交互式元素周期表（维基百科）
- 交互式元素周期表（维基百科）
交互式元素周期性质（ptable.com）
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精选热力学值（在298.15 K时）
| 物质 | ΔHf° (kJ/mol) | S° (J/K·mol) | ΔGf° (kJ/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 铝 | |||
| Al(s) | 0 | 28.3 | 0 |
| AlCl3(s) | -704.2 | 110.67 | -628.8 |
| Al2O3(s) | -1675.7 | 50.92 | -1582.3 |
| 钡 | |||
| BaCl2(s) | -858.6 | 123.68 | -810.4 |
| BaCl2 • 2 H2O (s) | -1460.1 | 203 | -1296.5 |
| BaO(s) | -553.5 | 70.42 | -525.1 |
| Ba(OH)2 • 8 H2O (s) | -3342 | 427 | -2793 |
| BaSO4(s) | -1473.2 | 132.2 | -1362.2 |
| 铍 | |||
| Be(s) | 0 | 9.5 | 0 |
| Be(OH)2(s) | -902.5 | 51.9 | -815 |
| 溴 | |||
| Br(g) | 111.884 | 175.022 | 82.396 |
| Br2(liq) | 0 | 152.2 | 0 |
| Br2(g) | 30.907 | 245.463 | 3.11 |
| BrF3(g) | -255.6 | 292.53 | -229.43 |
| HBr(g) | -36.4 | 198.695 | -53.45 |
| 钙 | |||
| Ca(s) | 0 | 41.42 | 0 |
| Ca(g) | 178.2 | 158.884 | 144.3 |
| Ca2+(g) | 1925.9 | ||
| CaC2(s) | -59.8 | 69.96 | -64.9 |
| CaCO3 (s; 方解石) | -1206.92 | 92.9 | -1128.79 |
| CaCl2(s) | -795.8 | 104.6 | -748.1 |
| CaF2(s) | -1219.6 | 68.87 | -1167.3 |
| CaH2(s) | -186.2 | 42 | -147.2 |
| CaO(s) | -635.09 | 39.75 | -604.03 |
| CaS(s) | -482.4 | 56.5 | -477.4 |
| Ca(OH)2(s) | -986.09 | 83.39 | -898.49 |
| Ca(OH)2(aq) | -1002.82 | -74.5 | -868.07 |
| CaSO4(s) | -1434.11 | 106.7 | -1321.79 |
| 碳 | |||
| C(s, 石墨) | 0 | 5.74 | 0 |
| C(s, 金刚石) | 1.895 | 2.377 | 2.9 |
| C(g) | 716.682 | 158.096 | 671.257 |
| CCl4(liq) | -135.44 | 216.4 | -65.21 |
| CCl4(g) | -102.9 | 309.85 | -60.59 |
| CHCl3(liq) | -134.47 | 201.7 | -73.66 |
| CHCl3(g) | -103.14 | 295.71 | -70.34 |
| CH4 (g, 甲烷) | -74.81 | 186.264 | -50.72 |
| C2H2 (g, 乙炔) | 226.73 | 200.94 | 209.2 |
| C2H4 (g,乙烯) | 52.26 | 219.56 | 68.15 |
| C2H6 (g, 乙烷) | -84.68 | 229.6 | -32.82 |
| C3H8 (g, 丙烷) | -103.8 | 269.9 | -23.49 |
| C4H10 (g, 丁烷) | -888.0 | ||
| C6H6 (liq, 苯) | 49.03 | 172.8 | 124.5 |
| C6H14(liq) | -198.782 | 296.018 | -4.035 |
| C8H18(liq) | -249.952 | 361.205 | 6.707 |
| CH3OH(liq, 甲醇) | -238.66 | 126.8 | -166.27 |
| CH3OH(g, 甲醇) | -200.66 | 239.81 | -161.96 |
| C2H5OH(liq, 乙醇) | -277.69 | 160.7 | -174.78 |
| C2H5OH(g, 乙醇) | -235.1 | 282.7 | -168.49 |
| CH3COOH(liq) | -276.981 | 160.666 | -173.991 |
| CO(NH2)2(s, 尿素) | -333.5 | 104.6 | -197.4 |
| CO(g) | -110.525 | 197.674 | -137.168 |
| CO2(g) | -393.509 | 213.74 | -394.359 |
| CS2(g) | 117.36 | 237.84 | 67.12 |
| COCl2(g) | -218.8 | 283.53 | -204.6 |
| 铯 | |||
| Cs(s) | 0 | 85.23 | 0 |
| Cs+(g) | 457.964 | ||
| CsCl(s) | -443.04 | 101.17 | -414.53 |
| 氯 | |||
| Cl(g) | 121.679 | 165.198 | 105.68 |
| Cl-(g) | -233.13 | ||
| Cl2(g) | 0 | 223.066 | 0 |
| HCl(g) | -92.307 | 186.908 | -95.299 |
| HCl(aq) | -167.159 | 56.5 | -131.228 |
| 铬 | |||
| Cr(s) | 0 | 23.77 | 0 |
| Cr2O3(s) | -1139.7 | 81.2 | -1058.1 |
| CrCl3(s) | -556.5 | 123 | -486.1 |
| 铜 | |||
| Cu(s) | 0 | 33.15 | 0 |
| CuO(s) | -157.3 | 42.63 | -129.7 |
| CuCl2(s) | -220.1 | 108.07 | -175.7 |
| 氟 | |||
| F2(g) | 0 | 202.78 | 0 |
| F(g) | 78.99 | 158.754 | 61.91 |
| F-(g) | -255.39 | ||
| F-(aq) | -332.63 | -13.8 | -278.79 |
| HF(g) | -271.1 | 173.779 | -273.2 |
| HF(aq) | -332.63 | -13.8 | -278.79 |
| 氢 | |||
| H2(g) | 0 | 130.684 | 0 |
| H(g) | 217.965 | 114.713 | 203.247 |
| H+(g) | 1536.202 | ||
| H2O(liq) | -285.83 | 69.91 | -237.129 |
| H2O(g) | -241.818 | 188.825 | -228.572 |
| H2O2(liq) | -187.78 | 109.6 | -120.35 |
| 碘 | |||
| I2(s) | 0 | 116.135 | 0 |
| I2(g) | 62.438 | 260.69 | 19.327 |
| I(g) | 106.838 | 180.791 | 70.25 |
| I-(g) | -197 | ||
| ICl(g) | 17.78 | 247.551 | -5.46 |
| 铁 | |||
| Fe(s) | 0 | 27.78 | 0 |
| FeO(s) | -272 | ||
| Fe2O3(s, 赤铁矿) | -824.2 | 87.4 | -742.2 |
| Fe3O4(s, 磁铁矿) | -1118.4 | 146.4 | -1015.4 |
| FeCl2(s) | -341.79 | 117.95 | -302.3 |
| FeCl3(s) | -399.49 | 142.3 | -344 |
| FeS2(s, 黄铁矿) | -178.2 | 52.93 | -166.9 |
| Fe(CO)5(liq) | -774 | 338.1 | -705.3 |
| 铅 | |||
| Pb(s) | 0 | 64.81 | 0 |
| PbCl2(s) | -359.41 | 136 | -314.1 |
| PbO(s, 黄色) | -217.32 | 68.7 | -187.89 |
| PbS(s) | -100.4 | 91.2 | -98.7 |
| 锂 | |||
| Li(s) | 0 | 29.12 | 0 |
| Li+(g) | 685.783 | ||
| LiOH(s) | -484.93 | 42.8 | -438.95 |
| LiOH(aq) | -508.48 | 2.8 | -450.58 |
| LiCl(s) | -408.701 | 59.33 | -384.37 |
| 镁 | |||
| Mg(s) | 0 | 32.68 | 0 |
| MgCl2(g) | -641.32 | 89.62 | -591.79 |
| MgO(s) | -601.7 | 26.94 | -569.43 |
| Mg(OH)2(s) | -924.54 | 63.18 | -833.51 |
| MgS(s) | -346 | 50.33 | -341.8 |
| 汞 | |||
| Hg(liq) | 0 | 29.87 | 0 |
| HgCl2(s) | -224.3 | 146 | -178.6 |
| HgO(s, 红色) | -90.83 | 70.29 | -58.539 |
| HgS(s, 红色) | -58.2 | 82.4 | -50.6 |
| 镍 | |||
| Ni(s) | 0 | 29.87 | 0 |
| NiO(s) | -239.7 | 37.99 | -211.7 |
| NiCl2(s) | -305.332 | 97.65 | -259.032 |
| 氮 | |||
| N2(g) | 0 | 191.61 | 0 |
| N(g) | 472.704 | 153.298 | 455.563 |
| NH3(g) | -46.11 | 192.45 | -16.45 |
| N2H4(liq) | 50.63 | 121.21 | 149.34 |
| NH4Cl(s) | -314.43 | 94.6 | -202.87 |
| NH4Cl(aq) | -299.66 | 169.9 | -210.52 |
| NH4NO3(s) | -365.56 | 151.08 | -183.87 |
| NH4NO3(aq) | -339.87 | 259.8 | -190.56 |
| NO(g) | 90.25 | 210.76 | 86.55 |
| NO2(g) | 33.18 | 240.06 | 51.31 |
| N2O(g) | 82.05 | 219.85 | 104.2 |
| N2O4(g) | 9.16 | 304.29 | 97.89 |
| NOCl(g) | 51.71 | 261.69 | 66.08 |
| HNO3(liq) | -174.1 | 155.6 | -80.71 |
| HNO3(g) | -135.06 | 266.38 | -74.72 |
| HNO3(aq) | -207.36 | 146.4 | -111.25 |
| 氧 | |||
| O2(g) | 0 | 205.138 | 0 |
| O(g) | 249.17 | 161.055 | 231.731 |
| O3(g) | 142.7 | 238.93 | 163.2 |
| 磷 | |||
| P4(s, 白色) | 0 | 164.36 | 0 |
| P4(s, 红色) | -70.4 | 91.2 | -48.4 |
| P(g) | 314.64 | 163.193 | 278.25 |
| PH3(g) | 5.4 | 310.23 | 13.4 |
| PCl3(g) | -287 | 311.78 | -267.8 |
| P4O10(s) | -2984 | 228.86 | -2697.7 |
| H3PO4(s) | -1279 | 110.5 | -1119.1 |
| 钾 | |||
| K(s) | 0 | 64.18 | 0 |
| KCl(s) | -436.747 | 82.59 | -409.14 |
| KClO3(s) | -397.73 | 143.1 | -296.25 |
| KI(s) | -327.9 | 106.32 | -324.892 |
| KOH(s) | -424.764 | 78.9 | -379.08 |
| KOH(aq) | -482.37 | 91.6 | -440.5 |
| 硅 | |||
| Si(s) | 0 | 18.83 | 0 |
| SiBr4(liq) | -457.3 | 277.8 | -443.8 |
| SiC(s) | -65.3 | 16.61 | -62.8 |
| SiCl4(g) | -657.01 | 330.73 | -616.98 |
| SiH4(g) | 34.3 | 204.62 | 56.9 |
| SiF4(g) | -1614.94 | 282.49 | -1572.65 |
| SiO2(s, 石英) | -910.94 | 41.84 | -856.64 |
| 银 | |||
| Ag(s) | 0 | 42.55 | 0 |
| Ag2O(s) | -31.05 | 121.3 | -11.2 |
| AgCl(s) | -127.068 | 96.2 | -109.789 |
| AgNO3(s) | -124.39 | 140.92 | -33.41 |
| 钠 | |||
| Na(s) | 0 | 51.21 | 0 |
| Na(g) | 107.32 | 153.712 | 76.761 |
| Na+(g) | 609.358 | ||
| NaBr(s) | -361.062 | 86.82 | -348.983 |
| NaCl(s) | -411.153 | 72.13 | -384.138 |
| NaCl(g) | -176.65 | 229.81 | -196.66 |
| NaCl(aq) | -407.27 | 115.5 | -393.133 |
| NaOH(s) | -425.609 | 64.455 | -379.484 |
| NaOH(aq) | -470.114 | 48.1 | -419.15 |
| Na2CO3(s) | -1130.68 | 134.98 | -1044.44 |
| 硫 | |||
| S(s, 斜方晶) | 0 | 31.8 | 0 |
| S(g) | 278.805 | 167.821 | 238.25 |
| S2Cl2(g) | -18.4 | 331.5 | -31.8 |
| SF6(g) | 1209 | 291.82 | -1105.3 |
| H2S(g) | -20.63 | 205.79 | -33.56 |
| SO2(g) | -296.83 | 248.22 | -300.194 |
| SO3(g) | -395.72 | 256.76 | -371.06 |
| SOCl2(g) | -212.5 | 309.77 | -198.3 |
| H2SO4(liq) | -813.989 | 156.904 | -690.003 |
| H2SO4(aq) | -909.27 | 20.1 | -744.53 |
| 锡 | |||
| Sn(s, 白色) | 0 | 51.55 | 0 |
| Sn(s, 灰色) | -2.09 | 44.14 | 0.13 |
| SnCl4(liq) | -511.3 | 248.6 | -440.1 |
| SnCl4(g) | -471.5 | 365.8 | -432.2 |
| SnO2(s) | -580.7 | 52.3 | -519.6 |
| 钛 | |||
| Ti(s) | 0 | 30.63 | 0 |
| TiCl4(液) | -804.2 | 252.34 | -737.2 |
| TiCl4(气) | -763.2 | 354.9 | -726.7 |
| TiO2(固) | -939.7 | 49.92 | -884.5 |
| 锌 | |||
| Zn(固) | 0 | 41.63 | 0 |
| ZnCl2(固) | -415.05 | 111.46 | -369.398 |
| ZnO(固) | -348.28 | 43.64 | -318.3 |
| ZnS(固，闪锌矿) | -205.98 | 57.7 | -201.29 |
| 水溶液离子与分子 | |||
| Ca2+(水) | -542.96 | -55.2 | -553.04 |
| CO32-(水) | -676.26 | -53.1 | -528.1 |
| CO2(水) | -413.8 | 117.6 | -386.0 |
| Cl-(水) | -167.16 | 56.5 | -131.26 |
| H+(水) | 0 | 0 | |
| HCO2-(水) | -410 | 91.6 | -335 |
| HCO2H(水) | -410 | 164 | -356 |
| HCO3-(水) | -691.11 | 95 | -587.06 |
| H2CO3(水) | -698.7 | 191 | -623.42 |
| NH3(水) | -80.29 | 111 | -26.6 |
| OH-(水) | -229.94 | -10.54 | -157.3 |
| Ag+(水) | 105.58 | 72.68 | 77.124 |
平均单键能 (kJ/mol)
| H-H 436 | C-H 413 | N-H 391 | O-H 483 | F-F 155 |
| H-F 567 | C-C 348 | N-N 163 | O-O 146 | |
| H-Cl 431 | C-N 293 | N-O 201 | O-F 190 | Cl-F 253 |
| H-Br 366 | C-O 358 | N-F 272 | O-Cl 203 | Cl-Cl 242 |
| H-I 299 | C-F 485 | N-Cl 200 | O-I 234 | |
| C-Cl 328 | N-Br 243 | Br-F 237 | ||
| C-Br 276 | S-H 339 | Br-Cl 218 | ||
| C-I 240 | P-H 322 | S-F 327 | Br-Br 193 | |
| C-S 259 | P-F 490 | S-Cl 253 | ||
| S-Br 218 | I-Cl 208 | |||
| Si-H 323 | S-S 266 | I-Br 175 | ||
| Si-Si 226 | I-I 151 | |||
| Si-C 301 | ||||
| Si-O 368 | ||||
| Si-F 565 | ||||
| Si-Cl 464 |
平均双键能 (kJ/mol)
| C=C 614 | N=N 418 | O=O 495 |
| C=N 615 | N=O 607 | S=O 523 |
| C=O 799 | S=S 418 |
平均三键能 (kJ/mol)
| C≡C 839 | C≡N 891 | N≡N 941 | C≡O 1072 |