加法运算用 + 号表示,减法运算用 - (-) = + 表示。加法运算符(加号)将把任何两个称为加数的数字作为操作数进行运算。结果称为这两个数字的和。
加法运算满足交换律。这意味着两个数字的加法,无论数字的加法顺序如何,都会得到相同的和。
示例
以及 
以及 
要进行竖式加法,将数字堆叠在一起。
52
19
----------------
现在将第一列或最右边的数字加起来。如果你得到的数字有十位,则将十位上的数字放在问题的十位上。你应该得到
1
52
19
----------------
1
现在将十位数加起来。
1
52
19
----------------
71
对于每一列(百位、千位等),重复类似的操作,直到完成计算。
在练习 1-25 中,找出和。
- 1.

- 2.

- 3.

- 4.

- 5.

- 6.

- 7.

- 8.

- 9.

- 10.

- 11.

- 12.

- 13.

- 14.

- 15.

- 16.

- 17.

- 18.

- 19.

- 20.

- 21.

- 22.

- 23.

- 24.

- 25.

- 1.

- 2.

- 3.

- 4.

- 5.

- 6.

- 7.

- 8.

- 9.

- 10.

- 11.

- 12.

- 13.

- 14.

- 15.

- 16.

- 17.

- 18.

- 19.

- 20.

- 21.

- 22.

- 23.

- 24.

- 25.

减法,正如你可能已经见过的,使用减号 (-) 符号。通用的减法运算符将接受任何两个数字作为操作数。结果称为这两个数字的差。
减法不是交换运算。改变操作数的顺序可能会得到不同的(不是相同的)结果。
示例
以及 
以及 
在练习 26-50 中,求出差值。
- 26.

- 27.

- 28.

- 29.

- 30.

- 31.

- 32.

- 33.

- 34.

- 35.

- 36.

- 37.

- 38.

- 39.

- 40.

- 41.

- 42.

- 43.

- 44.

- 45.

- 46.

- 47.

- 48.

- 49.

- 50.

- 26.

- 27.

- 28.

- 29.

- 30.

- 31.

- 32.

- 33.

- 34.

- 35.

- 36.

- 37.

- 38.

- 39.

- 40.

- 41.

- 42.

- 43.

- 44.

- 45.

- 46.

- 47.

- 48.

- 49.

- 50.
