USMLE 步驟 1 複習/肌肉骨骼
解剖学
上肢 下肢
生理学
生物化学
D == Degeneration: DJD, 骨质疏松症, 脊柱退行性病变
I == Infection: 尿路感染, 盆腔炎, 肺结核, 骨髓炎, 前列腺炎, 损伤/骨折, 压缩性骨折。
S == Spondylitis, 强直性脊柱炎 (类风湿性关节炎, 反应性关节炎, 系统性红斑狼疮)
K == Kidney stones/infarction/infection (pyelo/abscess)
M == Multiple myeloma, Metastasis from breast, prostate, lung, thyroid, kidney CA
A == Aneurysm, Abdominal pain referred to the back (see acute abdominal pain)
S == Slipped disk, Spondylolisthesis
S == Strain, Scoliosis/lordosis, Skin: herpes zoster.