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XQuery/XSL-FO 表格

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动机

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您希望能够创建适合书籍出版的高质量表格输出。

方法

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为了实现这一目标，我们将把 XML 转换为 XSL-FO 表格。与 HTML 不同，XML-FO 允许您创建文本流，并且您可以设置有关对象跨越页面边界的方式的规则。

示例输入

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这是一个示例 XML 文件，其中包含一个有两列的表格。

<table heading="Department Phone Extensions">
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>John Doe</Name>
      <Extension>1234</Extension>
   </Person>
   <Person>
      <Name>Sue Smith</Name>
      <Extension>5678</Extension>
   </Person>
</table>

我们希望这个 XML 文件以两列呈现，第一列包含姓名，第二列包含电话分机号。它应该看起来像这样。

部门电话分机号
姓名 分机号
John Doe 1234
Sue Smith 5678

示例 FO 文件

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以下是您需要创建表格的 XML-FO 布局的核心（不控制列宽）。

<fo:block xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
    <fo:block font-size="14pt" padding="10px" font-family="Verdana">Department Phone Extensions</fo:block>
    <fo:block font-size="10pt">
        <fo:table border="solid" border-collapse="collapse">
            <fo:table-header>
                <fo:table-row space-after="10px">
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block font-weight="bold">Name</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block font-weight="bold">Extension</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
            </fo:table-header>
            <fo:table-body>
                <fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
<fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>John Doe</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>1234</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
                <fo:table-row>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>Sue Smith</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:table-cell>
                        <fo:block>5678</fo:block>
                    </fo:table-cell>
                </fo:table-row>
            </fo:table-body>

        </fo:table>
    </fo:block>
</fo:block>

使用 XQuery 进行转换

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使用 XSLT 进行转换

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注意：此示例应移至有关 XSLT 的书籍中。应使用 XQuery 类型切换转换来执行此操作。

我们可以使用 XSLT 脚本将 XML 结构转换为 XSL-FO。此通用脚本仅要求 XML 表格的根名为 table 并且具有 heading 属性。

<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform"
    xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format"
    exclude-result-prefixes="xs" version="2.0">
    <xsl:template match="/table">
        <fo:block>
            <fo:block font-size="14pt" padding="10px" font-family="Verdana">
                <xsl:value-of select="@heading"/>
            </fo:block>
            <fo:block font-size="10pt">
              <fo:table border="solid" border-collapse="collapse" >
                <fo:table-header>
                    <fo:table-row>
                        <xsl:for-each select="*[1]/*">
                            <fo:table-cell>
                                <fo:block font-weight="bold">
                                    <xsl:value-of select="name(.)"/>
                                </fo:block>
                            </fo:table-cell>
                        </xsl:for-each>
                    </fo:table-row>
                </fo:table-header>
                <fo:table-body>
                    <xsl:apply-templates select="*"/>
                </fo:table-body>
              </fo:table>
            </fo:block>
        </fo:block>
    </xsl:template>
    <xsl:template match="*">
        <fo:table-row>
            <xsl:for-each select="*">
                <fo:table-cell>
                    <fo:block>
                        <xsl:value-of select="."/>
                    </fo:block>
                </fo:table-cell>
            </xsl:for-each>
        </fo:table-row>
    </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

XQuery 集成

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最后，我们可以使用 XQuery 脚本生成完整的 XSL-FO 文档并将其呈现为 PDF。我们使用 XSLT 来转换表格，然后将该 XSL-FO 片段嵌入 XSL-FO 主模板中，然后将其呈现为 PDF 并流式传输二进制文档。当然，还有其他方法来组装完整的 XSLT-FO 文档。

xquery version "1.0";
import module namespace xslfo="http://exist-db.org/xquery/xslfo";
import module namespace transform="http://exist-db.org/xquery/transform";
declare namespace fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format";

let $table :=
<table heading="Department Phone Extensions">
    <Person>
        <Name>John Doe</Name>
        <Extension>1234</Extension>
    </Person>
    <Person>
        <Name>Doe John</Name>
        <Extension>4321</Extension>
    </Person>
    <Person>
        <Name><span style="color: #f00;">Sue Smith</span></Name>
        <Extension>5678</Extension>
    </Person>
</table>

let $table-fo := transform:transform($table,doc("/db/Wiki/eXist/xsl-fo/table2fo.xsl"),())
let $fo := 
    <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
            <fo:layout-master-set>
                <fo:simple-page-master master-name="my-page">
                    <fo:region-body margin="1in"/>
                </fo:simple-page-master>
            </fo:layout-master-set>
            <fo:page-sequence master-reference="my-page">
                <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
                    <fo:block>
                        {$table-fo}
                    </fo:block>
                </fo:flow>
            </fo:page-sequence>
      </fo:root>
   
let $pdf := xslfo:render($fo, "application/pdf", ())
return 
  response:stream-binary($pdf, "application/pdf", "output.pdf")

执行

数据库数据

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作为另一个示例，以下 XQuery 选择所有员工并将它们呈现为 PDF 表格

xquery version "1.0";
import module namespace xslfo="http://exist-db.org/xquery/xslfo";
import module namespace transform="http://exist-db.org/xquery/transform";
declare namespace fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format";

let $table :=
<table heading="Employees">
   {//Emp}
</table>

let $table-fo := transform:transform($table,doc("/db/Wiki/eXist/xsl-fo/table2fo.xsl"),())
let $fo := 
    <fo:root xmlns:fo="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Format">
            <fo:layout-master-set>
                <fo:simple-page-master master-name="my-page">
                    <fo:region-body margin="1in"/>
                </fo:simple-page-master>
            </fo:layout-master-set>
            <fo:page-sequence master-reference="my-page">
                <fo:flow flow-name="xsl-region-body">
                    <fo:block>
                        {$table-fo}
                    </fo:block>
                </fo:flow>
            </fo:page-sequence>
      </fo:root>
   
let $pdf := xslfo:render($fo, "application/pdf", ())
return 
  response:stream-binary($pdf, "application/pdf", "output.pdf")

执行

检索自 "https://wikibooks.cn/w/index.php?title=XQuery/XSL-FO_Tables&oldid=3678997"
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