盖乌斯·瓦勒留斯·卡图卢斯的诗歌/4

文本及翻译

韵律 - 抑扬格六音步

行数	拉丁文本	英文翻译
1	phaselus ille quem videtis hospites	That little boat which you see, guests,
2	ait fuisse navium celerrimus	Said that it was the swiftest of ships,
3	neque ullius natantis impetum trabis	And that the speed of any sailing timber
4	nequisse praeterire sive palmulis	It was not unable to surpass, whether with little palms
5	opus foret volare sive linteo	it would be necessary to speed or with a sail.
6	et hoc negat minacis Hadriatici	And it denies that the menacing Adriatic's
7	negare litus insulasve Cycladas	shore denies this, or the Cyclades islands
8	Rhodumque nobilem horridamque Thraciam	and famous Rhodes and the rough Thracian
9	Propontida trucemve Ponticum sinum	Propontis or the pitiless Pontic sea
10	ubi iste post phaselus antea fuit	where that which you see afterward a yacht, was before
11	comata silva nam Cytorio in iugo	a leafy forest; for on a Cytorian mountain ridge,
12	loquente saepe sibilum edidit coma	it produced a whistling sound, often speaking with its leaves.
13	Amastri Pontica et Cytore buxifer	Pontic Amastris and boxwood-bearing Cytorus,
14	tibi haec fuisse et esse cognitissima	To you that these things have been and are very well-known
15	ait phaselus ultima ex origine	the yacht says: from its farthest beginning,
16	tuo stetisse dicit in cacumine	its says that it stood on your peak,
17	tuo imbuisse palmulas in aequore	that it dipped its palms in your water,
18	et inde tot per impotentia freta	and that from there, through so many uncontrollable straits,
19	erum tulisse laeva sive dextera	it bore its master, whether from the left or the right
20	vocaret aura sive utrumque Iuppiter	the wind would call, or whether the second Jupiter
21	simul secundus incidisset in pedem	had fallen onto both feet at the same time;
22	neque ulla vota litoralibus deis	and that not any vow to the gods of the shore
23	sibi esse facta cum veniret a mari	had been made by itself, when it came from the most recent sea
24	novissimo hunc ad usque limpidum lacum	all the way to this limpid lake.
25	sed haec prius fuere nunc recondita	But these things have been before: now in hidden
26	senet quiete seque dedicat tibi	repose it is old, and it dedicates itself to you,
27	gemelle Castor et gemelle Castoris	twin Castor and twin of Castor.

文本的含义

这首诗讲述了一艘经历过风雨的船只的退休生活，大量借鉴了古希腊词汇，在多个部分也运用了希腊语法，并以列举的方式列举了大量的地理参考和复杂的否定双重否定。卡图卢斯 4 号已被视为从史诗诗歌的模仿到另一篇运用国家之船隐喻的写作作品。韵律为抑扬格三音步。

第 1 行

• phaselus phaselus 是一种小船，源于希腊语，意思是“豆荚”，因为它形状类似于豆荚。

第 3 行

• trabis

("木材”，“木梁”) 这里是指“船”的修辞格借代。

第 4 行

• Palmulis (palma 的小词，意思是“手”的“手掌”) 这里是指“桨”的隐喻。

第 9 行

• porpontida

("在 Pontus 的前面”) 是马尔马拉海的古代名称。

• Ponticum sinum ("庞蒂克海”) 是黑海的名称。

第 11 行

• Cytorio

锡多鲁斯山是黑海南部海岸的一座山，位于阿马斯特里斯和锡多鲁斯港口城市之间。锡多鲁斯以产黄杨木而闻名。

第 14 行

• tibi

阿马斯特里斯和锡多鲁斯以单数形式称呼（tibi 而不是 vobis），因为锡多鲁斯城在扩张时被阿马斯特里斯吸收，形成了一个城市。

第 20 行

• Iuppiter

朱庇特，众神之王，这里是指“天空”或“风”的借代。

第 21 行

• pedem

(字面意思是“脚”) 这里是指“帆布”，一根将帆的下角固定在船上的绳子。

第 27 行

gemelle Castoris ("卡斯托的双胞胎”) 指的是波吕克斯，卡斯托和波吕克斯这对双胞胎的另一个双胞胎，他们也被称为双子座 (“双胞胎”)。这两个双胞胎通常只用一个名字称呼，最常见的是卡斯托，好像他们是一个人一样，因此第 26 行中的 tibi。

外部链接

• Carmina 包含部分拉丁语文本。
• [1]
• Carmen 4 还有其他多种语言版本。