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1...c7 - 斯堪的纳维亚防御
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n
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13{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} yellow pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king13
12{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king12
11{{{square}}} blue rook{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green rook11
10{{{square}}} blue knight{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green knight10
9{{{square}}} blue bishop{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green bishop9
8{{{square}}} blue king{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green queen8
7{{{square}}} blue queen{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green king7
6{{{square}}} blue bishop{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green bishop6
5{{{square}}} blue knight{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green knight5
4{{{square}}} blue rook{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green rook4
3{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king3
2{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king2
1{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red rook{{{square}}} red knight{{{square}}} red bishop{{{square}}} red queen{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red bishop{{{square}}} red knight{{{square}}} red rook{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king1
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n
FEN4 中的位置

Y-0,0,0,0-1,1,1,1-1,1,1,1-0,0,0,0-2-
3,yR,yN,yB,yK,yQ,yB,yN,yR,3/
3,yP,yP,yP,yP,yP,yP,yP,yP,3/
14/
bR,bP,10,gP,gR/
bN,bP,10,gP,gN/
bB,bP,10,gP,gB/
bK,bP,10,gP,gQ/
bQ,1,bP,9,gP,gK/
bB,bP,10,gP,gB/
bN,bP,10,gP,gN/
bR,bP,10,gP,gR/
7,rP,6/
3,rP,rP,rP,rP,1,rP,rP,rP,3/
3,rR,rN,rB,rQ,rK,rB,rN,rR,3

常见走法
1...g12 - 经典斯堪的纳维亚
1...h12 - 现代斯堪的纳维亚
1...h11 - 超现代斯堪的纳维亚


斯堪的纳维亚防御，1...c7

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蓝方在浅色方格上开局。黄方通常用h12回应，在浅色方格主教之间立即产生紧张局势。

黄方回应

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黄方有三个主要思路：g12、h12 和 h11。

经典斯堪的纳维亚，1...g12

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在这个经典变种中，红方和黄方通常沿着黑格对角线发展他们的皇后到 j4 或 k5，以及 d10 或 e11。如果绿方用 l7 或 k7 回应，这个开局也可能导致愚人将军。

1...l10 - 冰冻-雷扎克防御
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{{{square}}} blue bishop{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green bishop
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{{{square}}} yellow bishop{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green bishop
{{{square}}} blue knight{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red queen{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green knight
{{{square}}} blue rook{{{square}}} blue pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} green pawn{{{square}}} green rook
{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red pawn{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king{{{square}}} red king
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1. h3 c7 h12 l10 2. Qk5 c6 Bxa6 l7

现代斯堪的纳维亚，1...h12

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这步棋旨在立即挑战 a6-i14 对角线上的主教。红方可以用Qk5 或 e3 继续，对 b5 格施加很大压力。绿方常见的回应是l10，导致冰冻-雷扎克防御。这是一个高级的等待走法。如果红方走Qk5，绿方可以用l7回应，挑战活跃的皇后。在Qk5 之后，蓝方利用绿方皇后有选择挑战红方的机会。蓝方的主要走法是c6 和 Nc6。c6 是最稳固的回应，为皇后打开了对角线，使其与绿方皇后协同。这迫使红方皇后离开棋盘，因为皇后被钉在了对红方 g1 格的将军威胁上。蓝方和绿方的缺点是绿方必须放弃长城堡的权利。黄方通常走Nk12 以威胁在下一步走 Nxl10，因为红方可以用 Bh2+ 给绿方将军。因此，蓝方必须将皇后带出以防守黄方对绿方的攻击。皇后最好的位置似乎是 d9，因为它可以选择在 l9 格将军黄方，而皇后在那里也受到绿方棋子的保护。这在红方走 e3 和 Bxb5 的情况下很重要。这个开局并不容易，很多比赛都很快结束。然而，如果两队都能走出开局，可能会陷入漫长的消耗战，双方都有机会。通常红方和黄方会用 Nk12-Nxm11-Nxn9 来吃掉 n9 格上可能很强的主教。

1...h11 - 瓦尔格的解药
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1. h3 c7 h11 l10 2. Qk5 c6 Bxa6 l7 3. Qxn8 Qxa6 g12 Kxn8

超现代斯堪的纳维亚，1...h11

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这步棋是对绿方在第一步走 l10 的想法的回应。它由乌克兰特级大师德米特里·科诺年科在化名瓦尔格的情况下推广。如果红方现在走Qk5，皇后因绿方走l7而被换掉，黄方可以走g12，关闭 a6-i14 对角线，从而让蓝方无法走主教，并打开 f14 主教，指向绿方。由于国王必须吃掉皇后，绿方主教现在是无保护的。因此，如果蓝方和绿方在这个变种中进行皇后交换，他们会遭受物质损失。红方和黄方的缺点是 e14-n5 对角线被 h11 兵关闭。这给了蓝方额外的选择，即走 2...Nb7，因为走 2...Bg12 现在毫无意义，因为它将盯着 h11 兵。

检索自 "https://wikibooks.cn/w/index.php?title=Four-Player_Chess/Common_openings/1._h3/1...c7&oldid=4277290"
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