LaTeX/主题

LaTeX 新手经常会因为该系统缺乏视觉自定义功能而感到失望。实际上，这是有意为之：LaTeX 的理念是专注于格式化，而让作者专注于内容。

在本节中，我们将展示通过一些努力可以实现的目标。

简介

接下来，我们将编写主题，一个只改变文档外观的包，这样我们的文档就可以使用或不使用主题。

请注意，虽然它可能看起来很美观，但这绝对不是排版的典范。你不应该在严肃的出版物中使用这种主题。这更多的是一个技术示例，展示 LaTeX 的功能。

• 
  自定义主题（目录）
• 
  自定义主题
• 
  自定义主题（红色）

包配置

这里没有什么好说的。这直接应用了创建包一章的内容。

我们加载所需的包。

• needspace 用于防止在分节命令后立即出现分页符。
• tikz 用于绘制花哨的素材。

我们定义了一个颜色选项，你可以根据需要使用任意数量的选项。使用特定名称定义颜色使其非常灵活。我们还使用了一个选项来切换花哨的反射效果，这可能有点过分！

\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e} \ProvidesPackage{theme-fancy}[2013/01/13 v1.0 fancy theme] %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Packages \RequirePackage{geometry} \RequirePackage{needspace} \RequirePackage[svgnames]{xcolor} \RequirePackage{hyperref} \hypersetup{colorlinks=true} \RequirePackage{fancyhdr} \RequirePackage{tikz} \usetikzlibrary{ calc, decorations.pathmorphing, fadings, shadows, shapes.geometric, shapes.misc, } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Options %% Toggle reflection. \newif\if@mirrors\@mirrorsfalse \DeclareOption{mirrors}{ \@mirrorstrue } %% Colors. \newif\if@red\@redfalse \DeclareOption{red}{ \@redtrue } \ExecuteOptions{} \ProcessOptions\relax %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Configuration \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault} \setlength{\parskip}{0.5\baselineskip} %% Colors \colorlet{toctitle}{DarkGray!50!black} \colorlet{titlebg}{MidnightBlue} \colorlet{titlefg}{LightBlue} \colorlet{titletxt}{MidnightBlue} \colorlet{sectionfg}{MidnightBlue} \colorlet{subsectionfg}{SteelBlue} \colorlet{subsubsectionfg}{LightSteelBlue!60!black} \if@red \colorlet{toctitle}{DarkGray!50!black} \colorlet{titlebg}{DarkRed} \colorlet{titlefg}{FireBrick!50} \colorlet{titletxt}{DarkRed} \colorlet{sectionfg}{DarkRed} \colorlet{subsectionfg}{Crimson!50!black} \colorlet{subsubsectionfg}{LightSteelBlue!60!black} \fi

页眉和页脚

我们使用 TikZ 绘制一个填充的半圆。

fancyhdr 用于设置页眉和页脚。我们注意使用 fancy 样式，并通过 \fancyhf{} 从头开始擦除之前的页眉和页脚。

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Header and Footer \tikzstyle{foliostyle}=[fill=Lavender, text=MidnightBlue, inner sep=5pt, semicircle] \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhf{} \fancyfoot[C]{ \vskip 3pt \begin{tikzpicture} \node[foliostyle] {\bfseries\thepage}; \end{tikzpicture} } \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0.8pt} \addtolength{\headheight}{\baselineskip} \renewcommand{\headrule}{\color{LightGray}\hrule} \fancyhead[LE]{ \textcolor{gray}{\slshape \rightmark} } \fancyhead[RO]{ \textcolor{gray}{\slshape \leftmark} }

目录

我们重新定义了 \tableofcontents 所使用的命令。

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Table of contents \newcommand{\sectiontoccolor}{sectionfg} \newcommand{\subsectiontoccolor}{subsectionfg} \newcommand{\subsubsectiontoccolor}{subsubsectionfg} \renewcommand*\l@section{\color{\sectiontoccolor}\def\@linkcolor{\sectiontoccolor}\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}} \renewcommand*\l@subsection{\color{\subsectiontoccolor}\def\@linkcolor{\subsectiontoccolor}\@dottedtocline{1}{2.3em}{3.1em}} \renewcommand*\l@subsubsection{\color{\subsubsectiontoccolor}\def\@linkcolor{\subsubsectiontoccolor}\@dottedtocline{1}{3.1em}{3.9em}} \def\contentsline#1#2#3#4{% \ifx\\#4\\% \csname l@#1\endcsname{#2}{#3}% \else \csname l@#1\endcsname{\hyper@linkstart{link}{#4}{#2}\hyper@linkend}{% \hyper@linkstart{link}{#4}{#3}\hyper@linkend }% \fi } %% New title format -- 'section' is used by default. \newcommand{\tocformat}[1]{{\Huge\bf#1}} \renewcommand\tableofcontents{% \tocformat{ \textcolor{toctitle}{\contentsname} \@mkboth{\MakeUppercase\contentsname}{\MakeUppercase\contentsname} }% \@starttoc{toc}% }

分节

这绝对是最复杂的部分。它并不难，因为 \section、\subsection 和 \subsubsection 的代码几乎相同。

我们使用 \needspace 来确保在分节命令后不会出现换行符。我们将命令包含在一个组中，在该组中设置字体大小，因为我们需要的是 \baselineskip，它取决于字体大小。

带星号的命令不会设置计数器（LaTeX 的默认行为）。你可以选择通过重置计数器来以不同的方式处理带星号的命令。

我们在打印部分之前使用 \noindent。我们确保使用 \par 命令结束打印部分，以确保后面的文本能够正确打印。

对于 \subsection，我们使用 mirrors 选项来相应地更改外观。

为了正确处理 PDF 书签，我们需要在定义的末尾添加以下几行。

\phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\thesection~#1}

最后，仅对于 \section，我们希望它在页眉中打印，因此我们调用 \sectionmark 命令。在这里，我们改变了带星号命令的行为，使其与原始 LaTeX 版本不同，因为我们定义并使用了 \sectionmarkstar 命令。

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Section style \renewcommand\section{ \@ifstar \my@sectionstar \my@section } %% Note: to justify, text width must be set to \textwidth - 2*(inner sep). \tikzstyle{sectionstyle}=[ inner sep=5pt, text width=\textwidth-10pt, left color=sectionfg!100!white, right color=sectionfg!50!white, rounded corners, text=Ivory, rectangle ] \newcommand\my@section[1]{ \stepcounter{section} {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[sectionstyle] {\bfseries\Large\thesection\quad#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\thesection~#1} \sectionmark{#1} } \newcommand{\sectionmarkstar}[1]{\markboth{\MakeUppercase{#1}}{}} \newcommand\my@sectionstar[1]{ {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[sectionstyle] {\bfseries\Large#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{#1} \sectionmarkstar{#1} } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Subsection style \renewcommand\subsection{ \@ifstar \my@subsectionstar \my@subsection } \tikzstyle{subsectionstyle}=[ left color=subsectionfg!50!white, right color=subsectionfg!100!white, text=Ivory, ellipse, inner sep=5pt ] \newcommand\my@subsection[1]{ \stepcounter{subsection} {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsectionstyle,anchor=west] (number) at (0,0) {\bfseries\Large\thesubsection}; \if@mirrors \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=south west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,-0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \node[yscale=-1, scope fading=south, opacity=0.4, above, anchor=south west, subsectionfg] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \else \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \fi \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{\thesubsection~#1} } \newcommand\my@subsectionstar[1]{ {\Large\needspace{\baselineskip}} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsectionstyle,anchor=west] (number) at (0,0) {\bfseries\Large\phantom{1}}; % \if@mirrors \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=south west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,-0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \node[yscale=-1, scope fading=south, opacity=0.4, above, anchor=south west, subsectionfg] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0.1)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \else \node[above right,subsectionfg,anchor=west] at ($(number.east)+(0.1,0)$) {\large\bfseries#1}; \fi \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsection}{#1} } %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %% Subsubsection style \renewcommand\subsubsection{ \@ifstar \my@subsubsectionstar \my@subsubsection } \tikzstyle{subsubsectionstyle}=[ left color=subsubsectionfg!50!white, right color=subsubsectionfg!100!white, text=Ivory, shape=trapezium, inner sep=5pt ] \newcommand\my@subsubsection[1]{ \stepcounter{subsubsection} \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsubsectionstyle] (number) {\bfseries\large\thesubsubsection}; \node[subsubsectionfg, right of=number, anchor=west] {\large\bfseries#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{\thesubsubsection~#1} } \newcommand\my@subsubsectionstar[1]{ \noindent \begin{tikzpicture} \node[subsubsectionstyle] (number) {\bfseries\large\vphantom{1}}; \node[subsubsectionfg, right of=number, anchor=west] {\large\bfseries#1}; \end{tikzpicture} \par \phantomsection \addcontentsline{toc}{subsubsection}{#1} } \endinput